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    Heterogeneous
    database problem 
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    Different
    organizational units, Service Needers/Providers have 
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    radically
    different databases 
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    Different syntactically: whats the format? 
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    Different structurally: how
    are they structured? 
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    Different semantically: what do they mean? 
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    They all
    speak different languages (access, description, schemas, 
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    meaning) 
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    Integration:
    rather than N2 problem, with single, adequate
    Ontology 
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    reduces to N 
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    Enterprise-wide
    system interoperability problem 
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    Currently:
    system-of-systems, vertical stovepipes 
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    Ontologies
    act as conceptual model representing enterprise 
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    consensus
    semantics 
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    Relevant
    document retrieval/question-answering problem 
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    What is the
    meaning of your query? 
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    What is the
    meaning of documents that would satisfy your query? 
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    Can you
    obtain only meaningful, relevant documents? 
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